What type of discontinuity is generated as a result of the forging process?

The type of discontinuity generated as a result of the forging process is laps. During forging, the material is subjected to high temperatures and mechanical deformation, which can lead to the folding over of material rather than its complete separation. This folding results in laps, which are essentially thin, layered discontinuities that occur when the surface layer of the metal bends and incorporates underlying layers instead of being properly deformed.

Laps can compromise the integrity of the forged part, as they create an area where the material may not have the same mechanical properties as the surrounding area. Unlike cracks, which involve separation through the material, laps are more about the dislocation and improper layering of the metal. Recognizing laps is crucial in the quality control processes during forging, as they can significantly impact the final product's performance and safety. Understanding laps and their formation helps in identifying areas that need additional attention during inspection, ensuring that only parts meeting the necessary standards are used in service.